I once went to Carcassonne as a young boy. I remember being there with my mum, dad and sister on a visit on the way back from a family holiday in Spain.
Nestled in the Occitanie region of France, the Cité de Carcassonne is one of the most breathtaking medieval fortresses in Europe. With its double walls, 52 towers, and rich history, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is a must-visit for history enthusiasts and travellers alike.
A Fortress Through the Ages.
Carcassonne has been inhabited since the Neolithic age, but its strategic importance was first recognized by the Romans, who fortified the hilltop settlement. Over the centuries, the city was occupied by the Visigoths, Moors, and Franks, each leaving their distinct mark on the city’s architecture and culture.
During the 13th century, Carcassonne played a pivotal role in the Albigensian Crusade, a military campaign aimed at the Cathars. The fortress was strengthened further, making it one of the most formidable defensive structures in medieval Europe.
Architectural Grandeur.
The 3-kilometre-long ramparts encircling Carcassonne are a stunning example of medieval military engineering. The city’s two concentric walls were designed to withstand sieges, and its narrow cobbled streets, stone houses, and Gothic churches transport visitors back in time.
One of the most iconic landmarks within the fortress is the Château Comtal, a 12th-century castle that offers panoramic views of the surrounding countryside. The Basilica of Saint-Nazaire, with its stunning stained-glass windows, is another highlight of the walled city.
Restoration and UNESCO Recognition.
By the 19th century, Carcassonne had fallen into disrepair, but thanks to the visionary architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, the fortress was meticulously restored in 1853. His work ensured that Carcassonne retained its medieval charm, leading to its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.
A Must-Visit Destination.
Today, Carcassonne is a thriving tourist destination, offering visitors a chance to explore its ancient walls, lively markets, and charming cafés. Like most young boys, I remember being very bored and uninterested in the big walls, and I wanted to leave so we could get to the beach. When I visited as a young child, I couldn't have imagined how things would change as we get older. Carcassonne is now on my bucket list of places to visit before I die.